Lisdiyarini, Nurlaili (2017) Produksi dan pemekatan keratinase Bacillus SP. MD24 serta kemampuannya sebagai agen dehairing kulit kambing / Nurlaili Lisdiyarini. Diploma thesis, Universitas Negeri Malang.
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ABSTRAK Lisdiyarini N. 2017. Produksi dan Pemekatan Keratinase Bacillus sp. MD24 serta Kemampuannya sebagai Agen Dehairing Kulit Kambing. Skripsi Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang. Pembimbing (I) Dr. Suharti S.Pd. M.Si. (II) Muntholib S.Pd. M.Si. Kata Kunci Bacillus keratinase dehairing Pemanfaatan kulit kambing dalam industri penyamakan kulit terus meningkat. Namun dalam salah satu tahapannya terdapat proses dehairing (buang rambut) yang berkontribusi menghasilkan limbah berbahaya berupa gas H2S dan lumpur kapur. Berbagai upaya dikembangkan oleh para peneliti untuk meminimalisasi bahaya dari limbah proses pengolahan kulit tersebut salah satunya dengan pemanfaatan enzim keratinase. Enzim keratinase merupakan enzim protease spesifik yang mampu mendegradasi keratin. Keratinase yang dihasilkan oleh bakteri Bacillus sp. MD24 mampu mendegradasi bulu ayam dan merontokkan rambut pada kulit kambing dalam waktu yang lama (72 jam). Lamanya waktu dehairing dapat disebabkan oleh rendahnya aktivitas ekstrak kasar keratinase. Peningkatan aktivitas enzim dapat dilakukan dengan mengoptimalkan produksi enzim dan melakukan pemekatan ekstrak kasar keratinase. Penelitian ini bertujuan meningkatkan kemampuan enzim keratinase sebagai agen dehairing kulit kambing dengan (1) mengetahui pengaruh penambahan 0 5% dan 1% sumber karbon tambahan (sukrosa glukosa dan fruktosa) terhadap produksi ekstrak kasar keratinase (2) mengetahui pengaruh waktu penyimpanan terhadap aktivitas keratinase (3) mengetahui kemampuan enzim keratinase hasil pemekatan menggunakan amonium sulfat 80% jenuh dalam proses dehairing kulit kambing. Tahap-tahap penelitian ini terdiri dari (1) peremajaan biakan murni bakteri Bacillus sp. MD24 (2) produksi ekstrak kasar keratinase Bacillus sp. MD24 (3) uji aktivitas keratinase Bacillus sp. MD24 (4) pengaruh konsentrasi sumber karbon tambahan (sukrosa glukosa dan fruktosa) dan waktu inkubasi terhadap produksi keratinase (5) pengaruh waktu penyimpanan terhadap aktivitas ekstrak kasar keratinase (6) pemekatan ekstrak kasar keratinase dengan amonium sulfat 80% dan (7) uji kemampuan keratinase Bacillus sp. MD24 sebelum dan sesudah pemekatan sebagai agen dehairing kulit kambing. Kondisi terbaik atau optimum diketahui berdasarkan nilai aktivitas keratinase dan didukung oleh nilai Weight Loss. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) penambahan 0 5% dan 1% sumber karbon tambahan (sukrosa glukosa dan fruktosa) menurunkan produksi ekstrak kasar keratinase (2) Semakin lama waktu penyimpanan ekstrak kasar keratinase maka aktivitas keratinase mengalami penurunan secara bertahap dan (3) Enzim keratinase hasil pemekatan menggunakan amonium sulfat 80% jenuh memiliki aktivitas keratinase yang sebelumnya yaitu 8 793 U/mL menjadi 20 288 U/mL dan mampu sebagai agen dehairing kulit kambing pada perendaman selama 48 jam. ABSTRACT Lisdiyarini N. 2017. The Production and Preconcentration of Bacillus sp. MD24 Keratinase and its Ability as Goat Skin Dehairing Agent. Undergraduate Chemistry Department Mathematics and Science Faculty State University of Malang. Advisors (I) Dr. Suharti S.Pd. M.Si. (II) Muntholib S.Pd. M.Si. Keywords Bacillus keratinase dehairing The utilization of goat skin in the tannery industry continues to increase. However in one of the tanning stages there is a dehairing process that contributes to the production of hazardous waste in the form of H2S gas and lime mud. There are various efforts developed by researchers to minimize the hazards of the waste. One of the methods is by utilizing keratinase enzyme. Keratinase enzyme is a specific protease enzyme capable of degrading keratin. Keratinase produced by Bacillus sp. MD24 especially is able to degrade chicken feathers and promote hair loss on goat skin for a long time (72 hours). The length of the dehairing time could be caused by the low activity of the crude extract of keratinase. Enzyme activity might be increased through optimization of the production of enzymes and preconcentratiion of the keratinase crude extract. Hence this study aims to improve the ability of keratinase enzyme as a goat skin dehairing agent by (1) knowing the effect of adding 0.5% and 1% additional carbon source (sucrose glucose and fructose) to the production of crude keratinase extract (2) knowing the effect of storage time on keratinase activity (3) knowing the capability of concentrated keratinase enzyme by using 80% saturated ammonium sulphate in goat skin dehairing process. The reaseach was done in 7 steps (1) regenerating the pure culture of Bacillus sp. MD24 (2) producing the crude keratinase extract from Bacillus sp. MD24 (3) determining the crude extract keratinase activity from Bacillus sp. MD24 (4) observing the effect of the concentration of additional carbon sources (sucrose glucose and fructose) and incubation time on keratinase production (5) observing the effect of storage time on the activity of crude keratinase extract (6) concentrating the crude extract of keratinase with 80% ammonium sulphate and (7) testing dan comparing the ability of keratinase Bacillus sp. MD24 before and after preconcentration as a goat skin dehairing agent. The best or optimum production conditions are determined based on the value of keratinase activity and supported by the value of Weight Loss. The results of this study indicated that (1) the addition of 0.5% and 1% additional carbon source (sucrose glucose and fructose) decreased the production of crude keratinase extract (2) the longer the storage time of crude extracts keratinase the lesser keratinase activity and (3) the preconcentrated keratinase enzyme using 80% saturated ammonium sulphate has a higher keratinase activity from the earlier state 8 793 U/mL to 20 288 U/mL and it capable of acting as a goat skin dehairing agent for immersion for 48 hours.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Diploma) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Q Science > QD Chemistry |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Matematika dan IPA (FMIPA) > Departemen Kimia (KIM) > S1 Kimia |
| Depositing User: | library UM |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Oct 2017 04:29 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Sep 2017 03:00 |
| URI: | http://repository.um.ac.id/id/eprint/23975 |
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