Hoesein, Etty Marjati (2009) Developing lexically-based compuer asisted language learning (CALL) for young learners to improve their vocabulary skills at the discourse level / Etty Marjati Hoesein. Doctoral thesis, Universitas Negeri Malang.
Full text not available from this repository.Abstract
In searching for the best possible way to teach young learners to improve their vocabulary acquisition in this study the lexically-based language teaching is used as suggested by several researchers. The lexically-based language teaching places communication of meaning at the heart of the language and language learning. This leads to emphasis on the main carrier of meaning vocabulary (Lewis 2000 2003 Kweldju 1997 2003). The concept of vocabulary is extended from words to lexis but the essential idea according to Lewis (2000 15) is fluency which is based on the acquisition a large store of fixed and semi-fixed prefabricated items which are available as the foundation for any linguistics novelty and creativity. Observations of real language data reveals that language consists of many more patterns than was previously believed (Lewis 2000). Learners are more likely to acquire new language in such a way that it is available for spontaneous use if it is incorporated into their mental lexicon as an element of some comparatively large frame situation or schema. Lexically-based language teaching suggests the teacher to present larger units of language in class such as a complete text an episode of a soap opera a poem a story etc. to increase the possibility of learners to transfer items to their mental lexicon within these global organizing schemata. Kweldju (2003 2004) proposed lexically-based language teaching should be started as early as possible through the use of the children s literature. In order to make literature interesting to children electronic books in the form of CD-ROM is one of the preference. In this study a lexically-based CALL program has been developed to improve the vocabulary acquisition of elementary school students. Since the lexical approach is Mainly concerned with the use of natural language it is believed that using children literature to support vocabulary instruction will be more effective and efficient in terms of developing this group of learners vocabulary acquisition. Based on the research problems described above the problems to be addressed in the current study can be formulated as Haw can a lexically-based CALL program be developed to meet the needs of elementary school students to improve their vocabulary acquisition at the discourse level The current study aims primarily at developing a lexically-based CALL software to improve the vocabulary acquisition of elementary school students at discourse level especially for the students at the age of 8 to 10. This software needs to be developed based on the fact that so far in Indonesia the software designed to develop students vocabulary acquisition is mostly in the form of vocabulary lists accompanied with pictures. Moreover lexically-based CALL for young learners in Indonesia is not yet available in the market. The research design used in this study is the research and development (R D). The major steps in this R D study are organized around eight common tasks as proposed by several researchers (Borg 1980 Dick Carey 1990 Dick Carey Carey 2001). The vocabulary acquisition model used in this study is lexically-based vocabulary acquisition model for young learners an adaptation of Kweldju s model of lexically -based language teaching (Kweldju 2004) and Graves Watts-Taffee s model of promoting vocabulary growth (Graves Watts-Taffee 2002). This CALL program is a computer software which incorporates two types of vocabulary learning i.e. contrived and incidental vocabulary learning. The model used children literature in the form of CD_ROM story book as one way to promote incidental learning. In contrived learning children will be encountered with lexically-based exercises. The learners will engage in three activities aim at improving their vocabulary acquisition. They are learning individual words and their collocations making students aware of collocation and storing collocations. The model has gone through three phases of the tryout. They were referred as one-to-one evaluation small group evaluation and field evaluation. These three learner-based evaluations were preceded by review of instruction by the media specialist the subject specialist and the English teacher. In the field test a single group pre-test and post-test design was used. In addition checklist questionnaire and interview were also conducted. The result of the evaluation carried out by three specialists suggests that the revision should be made in relation to several aspects of the software namely ease of navigation and recovery the quality of audio and the aspect of flexibility. There are also some other factors such as the operation system control the quality of feedback and record keeping. The revision had been made prior to the field test. The results of the field study showed that using the software can enhance students vocabulary acquisition. The progress can be seen on the results of the post-test compare to the results of the pre-test. The medium score of the posttest is 80.8 compare to the medium score of the pretest 58.1. This means that on average students gained 23.9 points after working on the program. The data revealed a significant effect of using the software for the improvement of the vocabulary acquisition. The study suggests that the most effective approach to vocabulary instruction are ones that are include contrived and incidental vocabulary learning. Young learners can learn word meanings incidentally from reading. Along with reading storybooks and combination of explicit and implicit lexically-based instruction could be beneficial for vocabulary development. This development study was of course subject to many limitations. Since the CALL material developed in the study is a prototype the researcher was unable to test long term effects of the intervention. In addition lack of funding time and insufficient expertise were some of the major difficulties faced by the researcher in the developing the CALL. As the results some important features as well as some lexically-based exercises could not be accommodated.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Doctoral) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | L Education > L Education (General) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Sastra (FS) > Departemen Sastra Inggris (ING) > S3 Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris |
| Depositing User: | library UM |
| Date Deposited: | 04 Mar 2009 04:29 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Sep 2009 03:00 |
| URI: | http://repository.um.ac.id/id/eprint/64386 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |